


| X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis (XRF) | Instant Gamma Neutron Activation (PGNAA) | NIR-ON Near Infrared Spectrum Analyzer | |
| Measuring method | Offline | Online | Online |
| Purpose of measurements | Quality control DIN/ASTM | Process control, directions | Process control, directions |
| Practical costs | Medium | High | Low |
| Analytical basis | Electronic shells | Nuclei | Molecules and minerals |
| Element range | Calibration dependent: F (WDX) or Na (EDX) | From Na or from O (neutron tube) | All elements, including hydrogen, humidity |
| Analysis time | 40-60 minutes | Average | 240 measurements per minute |
| Safety | X-rays. Requires a license, constant monitoring by authorized bodies. The conveyor is broken. Dangerous for health | Ionizing radiation. Requires a license, constant monitoring by authorized bodies. The conveyor is broken. Hazardous to health | No radiation exposure, no permit required. Safely |
| Analytical Accuracy | High | From high to low (depending on the element) | High |